• Background and Scope.
    QuestionShort AnswerFurther Detail
    What is arbitration?An alternative to courtIn arbitration, a neutral third-party arbitrator (“Arbitrator”) solves Disputes in an informal hearing on an individual basis.
    Is it different from court and jury trials?YesThe hearing is private. There is no jury. It is usually less formal, faster and less expensive than a lawsuit. Pre-hearing fact finding is limited. Appeals are limited. Courts rarely overturn arbitration awards.
    Can you opt-out of this Arbitration Clause?Yes, within 60 daysIf you do not want this Arbitration Clause to apply, you must send us a signed notice within 60 calendar days after you acquire the Account. You must send the notice in writing (and not electronically) to our Notice Address. Provide your name, address and Card or Account number. State that you “opt out” of the Arbitration Clause. Opting out will not affect the other provisions of this Agreement.
    What is this Arbitration Clause about?The parties' agreement to arbitrate DisputesUnless prohibited by Applicable Law and unless you opt out, you and we agree that you or we may elect to arbitrate individually or require individual arbitration of any “Dispute” as defined below.
    Who does the Arbitration Clause cover?You, us and certain “Related Parties”This Arbitration Clause governs you and us. It also covers certain “Related Parties”: (1) our parents, subsidiaries, affiliates, and their successors and permitted assigns; (2) our employees, directors, officers, shareholders, members and representatives; and (3) any person or company that is involved in a Dispute you pursue at the same time you pursue a related Dispute with us.
    What Disputes does the Arbitration Clause cover?All Disputes (except certain Disputes about this Arbitration Clause)This Arbitration Clause governs all “Disputes” that would usually be decided in court and are between us (or any Related Party) and you. In this Arbitration Clause, the word “Disputes” has the broadest reasonable meaning. It includes all claims even indirectly related to your Account or this Agreement or the relationships between you and us and/or “Related Parties” resulting therefrom, including but not limited to, initial claims, counterclaims, cross-claims, third-party claims, and claims based on any constitution, statute, regulation, ordinance, common law rule (including rules relating to contracts, torts, negligence, fraud or other intentional wrongs) and equity. It includes claims that seek relief of any type, including damages, and/or injunctive, declaratory, or other equitable relief. It includes claims related to the validity in general of this Agreement. However, it does not include disputes about the validity, coverage or scope of this Arbitration Clause or any part of this Arbitration Clause. (This includes a Dispute about the rule against class arbitration.) All such disputes are for a court and not an Arbitrator to decide.
    Who handles the arbitration?Usually AAA or JAMS

    Arbitrations are conducted under this Arbitration Clause and the rules of the arbitration administrator in effect when the arbitration is started. The arbitration administrator will be either:

    • The American Arbitration Association (“AAA”), 120 Broadway, 21st Floor, New York, NY 10271, .
    • JAMS, 620 Eighth Avenue, 34th Floor, New York, NY 10018,
    • Any other company picked by agreement of the parties.

    If all the above options are unavailable, a court with jurisdiction will pick the administrator. No arbitration may be administered without our consent by any administrator that would permit a class arbitration under this Arbitration Clause. The Arbitrator will be selected under the administrator's rules. However, the Arbitrator must be a lawyer with at least ten years of experience or a retired judge unless you and we otherwise agree.

    Can Disputes be litigated?Sometimes

    Either party may bring a lawsuit if the other party does not demand arbitration. Also, any individual claim(s) by you or us in which the amount in controversy (exclusive of attorneys' fees and costs if Applicable Law so provides) is properly within the jurisdiction of a small-claims court may be removed to small-claims court at the election of the opposing party by providing notice within 21 days of receiving the arbitration demand from the other party; however, if that action is transferred, removed or appealed to a different court, a party may elect arbitration.

    Even if all parties have opted to litigate a Dispute in court, you or we may elect arbitration with respect to any Dispute made by a new party or any Dispute later asserted by a party in that lawsuit or in any related or unrelated lawsuit (including a Dispute initially asserted on an individual basis but modified to be asserted on a class, representative, or multi-party basis). Nothing in that litigation shall constitute a waiver of any rights under this Arbitration Clause.

    Are you and we giving up any rights?Yes

    For Disputes that are arbitrated under this Arbitration Clause, you and we give up our rights to:

    1. Have juries decide Disputes.
    2. Have courts, other than small-claims courts, decide Disputes.
    3. Serve as a private attorney general or in a representative capacity in court or in arbitration.
    4. Join a Dispute that you, we, or Related Parties have with a dispute that others have.
    5. Bring or be a class member in a class action in court or in a class arbitration.

    The Arbitrator shall have no authority to conduct any arbitration inconsistent with this section or to issue any relief that applies to any person or entity except you or us or Related Parties individually.

    Can you or another consumer start a class arbitration?NoThe Arbitrator is not allowed to handle any Dispute on a class or representative basis. All Disputes subject to this Arbitration Clause must be decided in an individual arbitration or an individual small-claims action. You may not pursue any type of collective action or class action against us in arbitration.
    What law applies?The Federal Arbitration Act (“FAA”)This Agreement and the Account involve interstate commerce. Thus, the FAA governs this Arbitration Clause. The Arbitrator must apply substantive law consistent with the FAA. The Arbitrator must honor statutes of limitation and privilege rights. The Arbitrator is authorized to award all remedies permitted by applicable substantive law, including, without limitation, compensatory, statutory and punitive damages (subject to constitutional limits that would apply in court), declaratory, injunctive and other equitable relief, and attorneys’ fees and costs. In the event of any conflict or inconsistency between this Arbitration Clause and the administrator’s rules or the Agreement, this Arbitration Clause will govern.
    Will anything I do make this Arbitration Clause ineffective?NoThis Arbitration Clause stays in force even if: (1) you or we end this Agreement; (2) we transfer or assign our rights under this Agreement, or (3) a party files for bankruptcy (if bankruptcy law permits).
    Process.
    What must a party do before starting a lawsuit or arbitration?Send a written Dispute notice and work to resolve the DisputeBefore starting a lawsuit or arbitration, the complaining party must give the other party written notice of the Dispute. The notice must explain in reasonable detail the nature of the Dispute and any supporting facts. If you are the complaining party, you must send the notice in writing (and not electronically) to our Notice Address. You or an attorney you have personally hired must sign the notice and must provide your Card or Account number or identification and a phone number where you (or your attorney) can be reached. A letter from us to you will serve as our written notice of a Dispute. Once a Dispute notice is sent, the complaining party must give the other party a reasonable opportunity over the next 30 days to resolve the Dispute on an individual basis.
    How does an arbitration start?Mailing a noticeIf the parties do not reach an agreement to resolve the Dispute within 30 days after notice of the Dispute is received, the complaining party may commence a lawsuit or an arbitration, subject to the terms of this Arbitration Clause. To start an arbitration, the complaining party picks the administrator and follows the administrator's rules. If one party begins or threatens a lawsuit, the other party can demand arbitration. This demand can be made in court papers, such as a motion to compel arbitration. Once an arbitration demand is made, no lawsuit can be brought and any existing lawsuit must stop unless a court rules otherwise.
    Will any hearing be held nearby?YesThe Arbitrator may decide that an in-person hearing is unnecessary and that he or she can resolve a Dispute based on written filings and/or a conference call. However, any in-person arbitration hearing must be held at a place reasonably convenient to you.
    What about appeals?Very limitedAppeal rights under the FAA are very limited. The Arbitrator’s award will be final and binding. Any appropriate court may enter judgment upon the Arbitrator's award.
    Arbitration Fees and Awards.
    Who bears arbitration fees?Usually, we do.We will pay all filing, administrative, hearing and Arbitrator fees if you act in good faith, cannot get a waiver of such fees, and ask us to pay. We will always pay amounts required under Applicable Law or the administrator's rules.
    When will we cover your legal fees and costs?If you winIf you win an arbitration, we will pay the reasonable fees and costs for your attorneys, experts and witnesses. We will also pay these amounts if required under Applicable Law or the administrator's rules or if payment is required to enforce this Arbitration Clause. The Arbitrator shall not limit his or her award of these amounts because your Dispute is for a small amount.
    Will you ever owe us for arbitration or attorneys' fees?Only for bad faithThe Arbitrator can require you to pay our fees if (and only if): (1) the Arbitrator finds that you have acted in bad faith (as measured by the standards set forth in Federal Rule of Civil Procedure 11(b)); and (2) this power does not make this Arbitration Clause invalid.
    Can an award be explained?YesA party may request details from the Arbitrator within 14 days of the ruling. The Arbitrator will determine whether to grant such request.
    What happens if a part of this Arbitration Clause cannot be enforced?It dependsIf any portion of this Arbitration Clause cannot be enforced, the rest of the Arbitration Clause will continue to apply, except in two instances. First, if a court rules that the Arbitrator can decide a Dispute on a class basis and that ruling is not reversed on appeal, then this entire Arbitration Clause (except for this sentence) will be void. Second, if a claim is brought seeking public injunctive relief and a court determines that the restrictions in this Arbitration Clause prohibiting the Arbitrator from awarding relief on behalf of third parties are unenforceable with respect to such claim (and that determination becomes final after all appeals have been exhausted), then the claim for public injunctive relief will be determined in court and any individual claims seeking monetary relief will be arbitrated. In such a case, the parties will request that the court stay the claim for public injunctive relief until the arbitration award pertaining to individual relief has been entered in court. In no event will a claim for public injunctive relief be arbitrated.